Comparison of different ureteral length measurement methods in the indwelling of double-J stent after ureteroscopy / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the application of different ureteral length measurement methods in the indwelling of double-J stent. 【Methods】 Clinical data of 260 patients with double-J stent indwelling after ureteroscopic surgery during Jul.2018 and Dec.2020 were prospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into height calculation group, CT measurement group, KUB group and ureteroscopic measurement group. The length of ureter was calculated accordingly and the appropriate length of double-J stent was selected. KUB was performed on the first day after operation and before extubation to determine the position of double-J stent. The patients completed the ureteral stent-related symptom questionnaire (USSQ), urinary symptom score, lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) score, pain score, hematuria score, and quality of life score before and after double-J catheter placement. 【Results】 There were no significant differences in age, gender, height, side of stent and urinary symptom score among the four groups (P>0.05). The average lengths of the ureters measured by the four methods were (21.5±1.0) cm, (21.5±1.8) cm, (23.8±1.3) cm and (21.7±1.8) cm, respectively. There were no significant differences among the height calculation group, CT measurement group and ureteroscope group, but there was significant difference between the three groups and the KUB group. The ideal ureteral stent length indwelling ratio in the ureteroscopic group was 76.9%, which was better than that in the other three groups. Postoperative indwelling time was 7-42 d (mean 29.8 d). The USSQ score of the ureteroscopic group before extubation was (14.1±1.5), which was lower than that of the other three groups (P<0.05). The ureteroscopic group was better than the other three groups in the comparison of frequency and urgency of urination, nocturia, hematuria, quality of life score, and pain score (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Intraoperative ureteroscopic measurement of the ureteral length is a simple and feasible method in guiding the indwelling of double-J stent to reduce ureteral stent related symptoms.

Thirty-six cases of paragonimiasis in children,Ningbo,China / 中国人兽共患病学报

We analyzed the clinical characteristics of paragonimiasis in children in Ningbo City,in order to provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment of this disease,and to reduce the misdiagnosis.Thirty-six children seen in ningbo women and chil-dren's hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 with a diagnosis of paragonimiasis were studied,and the medical history, conditions of diagnosis and treatment were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 36 cases were included,and there were 20 boys and 16 girls with a mean ages of 6.6 (3.4-12)years.Among these patients,22 lived in urban area and 14 in rural area.There were 29 cases with the history of eating raw or baked crabs,freshwater shrimp and 7 cases with the history of catching the crab or drinking raw stream water before the disease onset.The clinical symptoms varied,mainly for cough and expectoration,fe-ver,chest tightness or pain and abdominal pain.All children had the elevated eosinophilia in peripheral blood,and the blood IgE were significantly increased in 3 1 cases.Paragonimiasis serum antibody detection were all positive.The chest CT showed abnormal performance in 32 cases which mainly for the pulmonary lesions and pleural effusion.And 2 cases showed the imaging findings of paragonimiasis encephalopathy in their head MRI.All patients were given praziquantel treatment after the definite diagnosis,and all were not found significant adverse reactions.The clinical manifestations of children paragonimiasis in Ningbo City were complex and diverse,the children's diet and lifestyle history should be asked in detail,at the same time,combined with peripheral blood eosinophils,IgE test results and the imaging data,made a comprehensive analysis,so as to make a early diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible,and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

Clinical effect of pidotimod oral liquid as adjuvant therapy for infectious mononucleosis / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical effect of pidotimod oral liquid as adjuvant therapy for infectious mononucleosis and its effect on T lymphocyte subsets.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 76 children with infectious mononucleosis, who were admitted to the hospital between July 2016 and June 2017, were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups: conventional treatment and pidotimod treatment (n=38 each). The children in the conventional treatment group were given antiviral therapy with ganciclovir for injection and symptomatic treatment. Those in the pidotimod treatment group were given pidotimod oral liquid in addition to the treatment in the conventional treatment group. The course of treatment was two weeks for both groups. The two groups were compared in terms of the recovery of clinical indices and the changes in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the conventional treatment group, the pidotimod treatment group had significantly shorter fever clearance time, time to the disappearance of isthmopyra, time to the relief of lymph node enlargement, time to the relief of hepatosplenomegaly, and length of hospital stay (P<0.05). After treatment, the pidotimod treatment group had significant reductions in the percentages of CD3 and CD8 T cells and had significantly lower percentages of CD3 and CD8 T cells than the conventional treatment group (P<0.001). The pidotimod treatment group had significant increases in the percentage of CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 ratio after treatment, which was significantly higher than those in the conventional treatment group (P<0.001). The conventional treatment group had no significant changes in T lymphocyte subsets after treatment (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pidotimod oral liquid has a good clinical effect as the adjuvant therapy for infectious mononucleosis and can improve cellular immune function, so it holds promise for clinical application.</p>

Intestinal lymphatic transport of breviscapine orally administered in rat / 药学学报

Double cannulation model of conscious rat allowing simultaneous collection of mesenteric lymph and jugular venous blood was established to investigate the intestinal lymphatic transport of breviscapine orally administered in rat. The concentrations of breviscapine in plasma and lymph were determined by HPLC. The pharmacokinetics of breviscapine after oral and intravenous administration was evaluated in the conscious rat model. It was observed that scutellarin distributed from blood circulation to lymphatic system after intravenous injection. The cumulative lymphatic transport amount within 12 h was (2.78 +/- 0.25) microg, equivalent to 0.0792% of intravenous dose. After oral administration of scutellarin to double-cannulation rats, the cumulative lymphatic transport amount within 12 h was (0.92 +/- 0.08) microg, equal to 0.0083% of oral dose. The absolute bioavailability of breviscapine orally administered to double-cannulation rats was 4.91%, indicating that scutellarin was mainly absorbed into the bloodstream through the portal vein. Lymphatic transport of scutellarin appears to reflect high affinity for the lymph lipoproteins to chylomicron. This study provided a biopharmaceutics basis for developing oral lipid delivery system for the promotion of intestinal lymphatic transport to improve oral bioavailability of breviscapine.

Intestinal lymphatic transport of breviscapine orally administered in rat / 药学学报

Double cannulation model of conscious rat allowing simultaneous collection of mesenteric lymph and jugular venous blood was established to investigate the intestinal lymphatic transport of breviscapine orally administered in rat. The concentrations of breviscapine in plasma and lymph were determined by HPLC. The pharmacokinetics of breviscapine after oral and intravenous administration was evaluated in the conscious rat model. It was observed that scutellarin distributed from blood circulation to lymphatic system after intravenous injection. The cumulative lymphatic transport amount within 12 h was (2.78 +/- 0.25) microg, equivalent to 0.0792% of intravenous dose. After oral administration of scutellarin to double-cannulation rats, the cumulative lymphatic transport amount within 12 h was (0.92 +/- 0.08) microg, equal to 0.0083% of oral dose. The absolute bioavailability of breviscapine orally administered to double-cannulation rats was 4.91%, indicating that scutellarin was mainly absorbed into the bloodstream through the portal vein. Lymphatic transport of scutellarin appears to reflect high affinity for the lymph lipoproteins to chylomicron. This study provided a biopharmaceutics basis for developing oral lipid delivery system for the promotion of intestinal lymphatic transport to improve oral bioavailability of breviscapine.

Effect of Phospholipid on the Ability of HDL3 Mediated Cholesterol Efflux from Rat Skin Fibroblasts / 复旦学报（医学版）

PurposeTo study the effect of phospholipid on the ability of HDL3 mediated cholesterol efflux from rat skin fibroblasts. Methods At the present of phosphatidylcholine (PC) or sphingomyelin (SPM), to measure the changes of HDL3-mediated cellular cholesterol efflux, cellulax phospholipid content and balance between free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester.Results① BSA (control) ,HDL3,PC,SPM, PC + HDL3 and SPM + HDL3 group mediated 4.70 %, 31.55 %, 7.35 %, 8.06 %,42.95 % and 46.98 % of cellular cholesterol efflux from the cells respectively. ② After the incubation of the cells with BSA, HDL3, HDL3 +SPM and HDL3 + PC, the cellular phosphorous content in PC(PC-p) and SPM (SPM-p) were 20.02,5.56; 17.56,5.28; 18.62,7.00 and 22.50,5.52 μg/plate respectively. ③ After the incubation of the cell with PC and SPM, ratio of free cholesterol to total cholesterol were 49.65 and 59.57 respectively. The ratio was 48.64 before incubation.ConclusionsO PC and SPM couldn' t mediated directly cellular cholesterol effiux, but they could enhance significantly HDL3 mediated cellular cholesterol efflux, and this ability of SPM was stronger than PC. ① With cellular cholesterol efflux,a part of cellular PC went out of the cells, but the content of cellular SPM didn' t change significantly. ③ SPM could induce cholesterol ester to convert into free cholesterol in the cells.